By NELSON NNANNA NWAFO

The 2023 general elections in Nigeria marked another significant milestone in the country’s democratic journey. However, the credibility of the elections came under heavy scrutiny, raising questions about electoral integrity, public trust, and the independence of the electoral commission.

1. Credibility of the 2023 General Elections

While the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) introduced technological innovations such as the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) and the INEC Result Viewing (IReV) portal, which were intended to enhance transparency, several issues cast a shadow over the credibility of the elections:

A. Logistical Failures

Despite repeated assurances, there were widespread logistical issues, including late arrival of election materials and officials, especially in remote and rural areas. These delays disenfranchised voters and contributed to low voter turnout.

B. Technical Glitches and Poor Communication

One of the most controversial aspects was INEC’s failure to upload presidential results promptly on the IReV portal, despite the successful upload of National Assembly results. This delay raised suspicions of manipulation and undermined the public’s confidence in the process.

c. Allegations of Electoral Malpractice

Numerous reports from local and international observers, civil society groups, and opposition parties cited incidents of vote-buying, voter intimidation, ballot box snatching, and violence. These irregularities were particularly prevalent in certain regions, affecting the integrity of the outcomes.

D. Public Distrust and Legal Battles

The post-election period was characterized by widespread dissatisfaction and legal disputes. Several candidates and political parties contested the results at various election tribunals. Although some verdicts upheld INEC’s declarations, the process exposed weaknesses in both the electoral and judicial systems.

2. Need for Greater Transparency in Appointing a New INEC Chairman

Given the concerns raised about the conduct of the 2023 elections, attention has turned to the leadership of INEC and the urgent need to restore public confidence in Nigeria’s electoral process.

A. Current Appointment Process

The INEC Chairman is appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. While this is constitutionally allowed, it presents a potential conflict of interest, especially when the appointing authority is a political actor who may contest or have stakes in future elections.

b. Concerns About Independence

For an electoral body to function credibly, it must be independent—both in law and in practice. The perception that the INEC Chair may be politically aligned with the ruling government can erode trust, regardless of their actual performance or integrity.

c. Proposed Reforms for Transparent Appointment

To address this, several electoral reform advocates and civil society organizations have called for:

An Independent and non-partisan selection committee to recommend nominees for INEC Chairmanship.

Public hearings and vetting processes that include civil society and opposition representation.

Clearer criteria and qualifications, emphasizing integrity, neutrality, and administrative competence.

3. Conclusion

The 2023 general elections exposed both progress and persistent challenges in Nigeria’s democratic process. To safeguard the credibility of future elections, there is a pressing need to strengthen the independence and transparency of INEC—starting with how its leadership is appointed. A credible electoral system is the cornerstone of democracy, and restoring public trust in that system is essential for national unity, stability, and democratic consolidation.

•Comrade Nelson Nwafor is Founder/Executive Director of the Foundation for Environmental Rights Advocacy and Development (FENRAD).