The National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) has urged Nigerians to take precautionary measures against the potential effects of the developing El Niño phenomenon, warning of possible extreme heat, reduced rainfall, drought, flooding and food shortages.

The agency issued the warning in an advisory released on Monday, titled “Super El Niño Is Coming: What You Can Do to Protect Yourself, Your Family and Your Community.”

According to NEMA, the developing climate phenomenon could affect temperatures, rainfall patterns and food availability, making it necessary for individuals and communities to prepare for possible emergencies.

“Super El Niño can cause hotter temperatures, less rainfall, drought, floods and food shortages,” the agency warned.

El Niño is a natural climate phenomenon associated with unusually warm sea-surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. It can influence weather conditions across different parts of the world, although its effects vary from one location to another.

The Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NiMet) had also identified the development of a strong El Niño event in 2026.

In its Seasonal Climate Prediction Update for August 2026 and the August-September-October rainfall forecast, NiMet stated that observations showed the onset of a strong El Niño event.

The agency added that the phenomenon was intensifying and could significantly influence global climate patterns during the period.

In its advisory, NEMA outlined eight measures Nigerians could adopt to reduce their exposure to the potential risks.

The agency advised Nigerians to drink clean water regularly, wear light clothing and avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, particularly between 11 am and 4 pm.

It also urged people to check on children, older persons and other vulnerable individuals who may be more susceptible to heat-related illnesses.

NEMA encouraged households to use water responsibly, repair leaking pipes and store water in clean, covered containers.

It also advised Nigerians to keep sufficient food supplies for emergencies, support local farming and home gardening, and protect livestock and poultry against adverse weather conditions.

Farmers were encouraged to adopt drought-resistant crops and improved agricultural practices while exploring available government and partner support programmes.

The agency urged Nigerians to maintain proper sanitation, wash their hands regularly and keep their surroundings clean to reduce the risk of malaria and water-borne diseases.

It also advised people to seek medical attention promptly when unwell and consider diversifying their income sources to reduce the effects of climate-related disruptions on their livelihoods.

NEMA further recommended limiting outdoor activities during peak heat hours, taking regular breaks in shaded areas and scheduling activities for early mornings or late evenings.

The agency called on residents to participate in community preparedness and early-warning initiatives, share reliable information with neighbours and look out for people who may need assistance.

It also urged Nigerians to follow official updates from NEMA, NiMet and credible media organisations, heed relevant warnings and report emergencies to the appropriate authorities.

The advisory is part of efforts to encourage households and communities to prepare for possible weather-related challenges as the El Niño phenomenon develops. (The Sun)