Respected international rating agency, Fitch, today cast yet another vote of confidence on the prospects of the Nigerian economy, rating its outlook to be stable.

The agency in an official statement just released in London affirms Nigeria at ‘BB-‘; Outlook Stable.

Below is the text of the statement:

“Fitch Ratings has affirmed Nigeria’s Long-term foreign and local currency IDRs and senior unsecured bond ratings at ‘BB-’ and ‘BB’ respectively. The Outlook is Stable. The agency has also affirmed Nigeria’s Short-term foreign currency IDR at ‘B’ and Country Ceiling at ‘BB-’.

“KEY RATING DRIVERS

“The affirmation reflects the following key rating drivers:

“GDP growth slowed to 6.4% in H113 but has shown resilience in the face of exogenous shocks: severe floods in 2012 which hit agricultural output; security problems especially in the north earlier this year; and increased oil theft and vandalism and the consequent repair shutdowns which have caused oil output to contract for the second year in a row. The non-oil economy has slowed but still grew by 7.9% in 2012 and 7.6% in H113. Non-oil growth should pick-up in H213 as normal weather has resumed and the authorities have responded to security problems. Reforms to the electricity and agriculture sectors could start to boost potential growth.

“Inflation has been in single digits all year - the lowest in five years and the longest stretch of single digit inflation since 2008. Policy rates are unchanged. The central bank (CBN) has the twin aims of achieving single-digit inflation and maintaining exchange rate stability.

“Public finances remain comfortable. Fitch estimates a general government deficit of around 1.8% of GDP this year and next. Both oil and non-oil revenues are under-budget and the Excess Crude Account (ECA) has been tapped to compensate. Capital spending also remains under budget. The draft 2014 budget plans ambitious fiscal consolidation, with lower oil production and benchmark oil prices and lower spending than the 2013 budget. However, Fitch expects that oil production will likely fall short again, and the final budget that emerges from the National Assembly (NA) is likely to be more expansionary. Nevertheless, Fitch expects general government debt to remain stable at just over 20% of GDP, barely half that of peers.

“Nigeria’s sovereign and overall external balance sheets, current account surplus, debt service ratio and external liquidity are all stronger than ‘BB’ category medians. Foreign reserves rose steadily in early 2013 but have been falling since May due to reduced oil output, prompting ECA drawdown, and global market turbulence, which has reduced foreign appetite for NGN paper (though net inflows have continued). CBN intervened to support the naira when it came under pressure mid-year after Fed-tapering turbulence, although reserves have held up much better than many large emerging markets. Nigeria effectively re-opened the Eurobond market in July, raising USD1bn in its second issuance.

“Reform progress remains mixed. Electricity privatisation has passed a key milestone with generators and distributors now in private hands. Output seems to be on a rising trend, although it has been affected by gas pipeline damage and an impact on GDP growth is hard to discern. Agricultural reforms are also gaining traction. The most obvious benefit to the economy has been a fall in imports last year, due to reduced oil subsidy payments, a crackdown on fraud in the oil subsidy system and substitution in the agricultural sector. However, the Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) remains stalled in the NA. Strong vested interests will make structural reform a continual struggle, especially with elections in 2015.

“Nigeria’s ratings remain constrained by weak governance, low per capita income and vulnerability to oil price volatility. The government is responding to the Boko Haram insurgency mainly with security measures. Data weaknesses hamper the monitoring of economic and fiscal performance and reform progress.

“RATING SENSITIVITIES

“The Stable Outlook reflects the fact that in Fitch’s view, upside and downside risks are well balanced. The main factors that individually or collectively might lead to rating action are as follows:
Positive:
- Continuing structural reforms that brought faster, more diverse and inclusive growth and higher employment and per capita incomes.
- A longer track record of low single-digit inflation.
- Improved external buffers, either in the ECA or the new Sovereign Wealth Fund (NSIA).
- Improved governance as reflected in World Bank and anti-corruption indicators.
Negative:
- A sustained period of lower oil prices or oil production and an inappropriate policy response, leading to serious reserve loss and deterioration in the fiscal position.
- Reversal of key structural reforms.
A serious deterioration in domestic security, whether stemming from terrorism or election-related violence.

“KEY ASSUMPTIONS

“Nigeria is highly dependent on oil for fiscal and external revenue. Fitch assumes Brent crude will average USD105/bl in 2013 and USD100/bl in 2014 and 2015.

“Fitch assumes the current stance of relatively conservative macro policy and incremental structural reform will remain in place in the forecast period, which goes up to the election year of 2015. However, no significant acceleration in non-oil growth or net exports has been assumed nor any further reduction in petroleum subsidies, which would benefit public and external finances.

“No specific assumption is made about passage of the PIB before the election, but failure to do so is assumed not to have any serious short-term impact on oil production. However, oil theft and associated capacity shutdowns are assumed to continue, although not to worsen, meaning average oil output will remain significantly below potential of 2.6mb/d. It is also assumed that there is no major resurgence of violence in the Delta region.

“The Boko Haram terrorist insurgency is assumed to remain contained and not to have serious consequences for economic performance.”

News Express reports that this vote of confidence on the prospects of the Nigerian economy is coming a few days after another respected international rating agency, Standard & Poor’s, also affirmed a strong and positive rating for the management of the economy.

Reacting to the latest Fitch rating, the Coordinating Minister for the Economy/Minister of Finance, Dr. Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, said via a statement signed by her Special Adviser, Paul C Nwabuikwu:

“This confirms that Nigeria’s economy is resilient just like the Nigerian people are resilient. What’s important about the ratings is that while acknowledging all the challenges the economy faces, it points to and applauds the strengths such as progress in the the power sector, increased focus on agriculture, strong investment in local manufacturing and other areas.”

•Photo shows Okonjo-Iweala.

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