Champions League holders Paris St-Germain are into the semi-finals of this season's competition and strong contenders to repeat last year's impressive feat.

Despite boasting squads that have included the likes of Lionel Messi, Neymar and Kylian Mbappe, it is the current side - who host Bayern Munich in the first leg on Tuesday (20:00 BST) - that has played the club's most impressive football.

This month, manager Luis Enrique said "it would be a dream to have 20 players who can play everywhere", a nod to how he has looked to develop this squad.

It is through that focus on versatility and continuous rotations on the pitch that PSG have confused and outplayed some of the best teams in the world.

How Luis Enrique balances fluidity and structure

Watching PSG right-back Achraf Hakimi tap in their opener from seven yards out in last season's Champions League final win felt odd. In Paris, full-backs are regularly found in the penalty area while attackers are seen in defensive midfield positions.

This fluidity appears hard to understand, but there are underlying principles from the coaches that enable it to work without descending into chaos.

Screengrab showing Hakimi's position in the box as he scored the opening goal for PSG in their 5-0 win against Inter Milan in the Champions League final last season PSG right-back Hakimi opened the scoring in their 5-0 win against Inter Milan in the Champions League final last season

The two PSG centre-backs are fixed in their positions. Coaches like Igor Tudor, Chris Wilder and Simone Inzaghi have all encouraged central defenders, albeit in back threes, to roam and rotate with their team-mates so this is a possibility, but Luis Enrique opts against this.

The Spanish manager believes there has to be some structure to allow other players to play fluidly. The phrase 'floaters and anchors' has been used to help explain this concept.

During a game, PSG have players who act as anchors occupying zones that provide the team with balance. These positions include the two centre-backs, the touchline players on both sides, and one player stretching the opposition up top.

Aside from the centre-backs who remain in their positions, these anchoring positions can be taken up by players moving into these spaces.

Screengrab showing how PSG have rules for which areas of the pitch they try and occupy at all times, including the two centre back positions, the left and right wing and the centre forward position. This example shows how a midfield has moved into the centre forward position as the natural striker, Dembele, has dropped into midfield.

In yellow, you see the five areas of the pitch PSG look to occupy at all times. In this example, the striker position is occupied by one of the midfielders pushing up as striker Ousmane Dembele has dropped into a midfield position.

For example, left-winger Khvicha Kvaratskhelia might start in the left-wing position before moving infield resulting in left-back Nuno Mendes filling that position. The key however is that - that area is anchored by a player.

These rotating movements can be described as zone replacements. PSG have specific areas that they need filling according to the coach. When a player leaves that area, another player rotates into that position or "replaces that zone". This helps keep the side balanced. Although they appear spontaneous, there is a level of coordination and predictability to them.

Screengrab showing Nuno Mendes moving out wide as Khvicha Kvaratskhelia moves infield ensuring PSG remain structured and balanced.

Khvicha Kvaratskhelia moves centrally. Nuno Mendes replaces that zone by moving from a back-three position to now playing on the left flank. The shape of the side remains balanced.

The floating players by comparison are the players who find themselves in the middle of the pitch - not bound by the positional instructions of the anchors.

These players have more license to roam freely, often combining with one-touch passing in close proximity. Naturally, defending against technical players with no true position is a task most teams struggle with.

Screengrab showing the players that hold structured positions for PSG on the flanks and in defence, whilst also showing the freedom the central players have.

The anchoring players are seen in white with the floating players given more freedom in yellow. Note striker Dembele on the ball in midfield.

How PSG players know where to rotate

When on the ball, PSG's two centre-backs are often joined by a third player to form a back three.

If the right-winger moves inside, the right-back, Hakimi, fills the space out wide. If the winger stays wide, Hakimi attacks more centrally. From this central position, he is able to pick up the ball in midfield or push further up as an extra attacker.

Mendes, the left full-back with equally as much license to attack, has a different reference point. He is asked to form part of the back three in build-up. If however the defensive midfielder - often Vitinha - drops into the backline, Mendes now has license to push up.

At this stage, his point of reference is now the winger. If the winger has moved inside, Mendes moves to the flank as somebody has to fill this space. If the winger is out wide, Mendes can now play in a free role centrally.

Based on these steps, different players end up centrally with true freedom so it can look like every player is able to move where they please. In actuality, the PSG players are going through the instructions in their head as they decide where to move.

Screengrab showing the structure and rotations in PSG's side looking at Nuno Mendes dropping into a back three with Kvaratskhelia staying on the left wing and Hakimi staying on the right with his winger moving centrally Vitinha (yellow) is in a defensive midfield position. This means Nuno Mendes forms part of the back three while winger Kvaratskhelia stays out wide (white). Hakimi stays out wide on the right because his winger is positioned centrally (blue).

Ballon d'Or winner Ousmane Dembele is given the most freedom of the PSG players, and rightly so. He is perhaps the only player free to move where he feels best and is frequently seen posing difficult questions of defenders by moving into positions that they are reluctant to move into.

His ability to receive on the ball, turn and drive before passing or shooting with both feet make him an invaluable player across the pitch. Reacting to his movements, PSG's nearby players, often the wingers moving inside, or the midfielders or full-backs pushing centrally, move forward - leading to goals being scored given the difficulty around tracking their runs from deep.

Screengrab from PSG vs Liverpool showing how Dembele's drop-deep movements weren't followed by van Dijk who gestured to a team-mate to pick him up. This movement in turn dragged him away from where PSG were dangerously attacking.

Demeble, PSG's striker on paper, leaves the attacking line. Virgil van Dijk is seen gesturing at Mac Allister to pick him up. The attacker's unusual position drags Van Dijk away from the right side of the pitch and distracts him as PSG build up to what resulted in a goal.

Is this style feasible in the Premier League?

A clear trend in world football has been the increase in man-to-man defending, something Premier League coaches Pep Guardiola and Mikel Arteta have stressed all season. With Luis Enrique's team constantly moving around the pitch, opponents tasked with following their man eventually lose their player, either unintentionally or purposefully deciding to retreat when being pulled to the other side of the pitch.

This tactic, like all tactics, is dependent on player quality - which brings us back to the first quote of this piece. In an ideal world, Enrique wants 20 players who can play in all parts of the pitch, so they could replace each other's zones without any drop off in quality.

He probably mentions 20 players rather than 11 because these tactics, including the long and intense sprints of the full-backs from their own half, to the opposition's box and back, are taxing on the mind and body.

PSG however, have the benefit of being a better team when compared with the rest of Ligue 1 which allows them to rotate frequently. This season, Nuno Mendes has played 46% of PSG's total league minutes which leaves him in good physical condition to perform Luis Enrique's demanding instructions to a high level in the knockout stage of the Champions League. This is a luxury fellow Champions League semi-finalists Arsenal - who play their first leg at Atletico Madrid on Wednesday - probably cannot afford.

Luis Enrique, however, with the players at his disposal, has conjured a brilliant mix of physicality, chemistry and technique to produce one of football's most exciting teams in recent memory. (BBC)

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